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According to a 2015 survey, it was revealed that prostate cancer is the most common cancer among Nigerian men and the second most common cause of death from cancer in men worldwide. The prostate is a small walnut-shaped gland that plays a role in urine control, and produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. Prostate cancer in this case, occurs when the cells in the prostate gland begin to grow uncontrollably.
The prostate gland is found only in males. While it usually grows slowly, it may not cause serious harm initially. However, some other types are aggressive and can spread quickly.
During the very early stages, there exists a variety of urinary symptoms. Depending on its location and size, a tumor can grow to press on, and constrict the urethra, blocking the flow of urine. Some typical early signs of prostate cancer include:
- Loss of bladder control
- Blood in urine (hematuria)
- Burn or pain during urination
- Blood in semen
- Erectile dysfunction
- Painful ejaculation
- More frequent urges to urinate at night
There are no clear indicators as to what exactly causes prostate cancer. Doctors just know that the mutations in the abnormal cells’ DNA cause the cells to grow and divide twice the rate than normal cells do. While other regular cells go on to die, the abnormal cells continue to exist, and the accumulation of abnormal cells form a tumor which could invade a nearby tissue. Some cells can go as far as breaking off and spreading to other parts of the body and organs, or in medical terminology, metastasize.
Basic and simple ways exist as to how men can reduce the risk of prostate cancer. These are;
- Selecting and eating healthy diets filled with fruits and vegetables
- Choosing healthy foods instead of supplements
- Engaging in regular weekly exercise
- Maintaining a healthy weight
In conclusion, it is pertinent to note that symptoms of prostate cancer often vary from individual to individual. An appointment should be made with your preferred doctor or hospital if you have any signs or symptoms that bother you. Prostate cancer that is detected early – while still in the confines of the prostate gland – has a better chance of receiving a successful treatment.
